A Moderated Model of Digital Transformation in SMEs: Digital Competencies, Digital HRM, and Organizational Culture

Ernesto Wladimir Rangel Luzuriaga

doi:10.64923/ceniiac.e0010

Autores/as

Ernesto Wladimir Rangel Luzuriaga Universidad Internacional del Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3003-3431

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64923/ceniiac.e0010

Palabras clave:

transformación digital, competencias digitales, gestión digital de recursos humanos, cultura organizacional, pymes, economías emergentes, Ecuador

Resumen

La transformación digital se ha convertido en una prioridad estratégica para las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), especialmente en las economías emergentes, donde las limitaciones estructurales intensifican los retos de la digitalización. Este estudio analiza cómo las competencias digitales y la gestión de los recursos humanos digitales influyen en la transformación digital de las pymes en Ecuador, teniendo en cuenta el papel de la cultura organizativa. Se adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental, transversal y explicativo. Los datos se recopilaron mediante una encuesta en línea realizada entre agosto y octubre de 2025 a una muestra de 260 gerentes y empleados de pymes. El análisis se llevó a cabo utilizando el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM) con SmartPLS 4. Los resultados muestran que las competencias digitales ejercen un fuerte efecto sobre la gestión de los recursos humanos digitales y un efecto directo sobre la transformación digital. Por el contrario, la gestión digital de los recursos humanos no muestra un efecto directo significativo sobre la transformación digital, aunque influye sustancialmente en la cultura organizativa. Del mismo modo, la cultura organizativa no modera la relación entre la gestión digital de los recursos humanos y la transformación digital. Estos resultados ponen de relieve el papel central de las competencias digitales como principal motor de la transformación digital en las pymes y proporcionan pruebas empíricas de un contexto de economía emergente poco explorado.

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